There are following below Magento 2 Database Table having All Catalog (Categories & Products) URLs Storage Data
catalog_url_rewrite_product_category
Which Magento 2 database tables store Product details
Which Magento 2 database tables store Category details
How To Delete Magento 2 Categories & Products in Magento 2
How To Delete Magento 2 Products
How To Delete Magento 2 Categories
How To Delete Magento 2 Categories & Products in Magento 2
Which Magento 2 Database Table Store Customer Group Price of products
Which Magento 2 Database Table Store Products Special Discount Price