The following below Magento 2 database tables store Catalog Price Rules
catalogrule
catalogrule_customer_group
catalogrule_group_website
catalogrule_group_website_replica
catalogrule_product
catalogrule_product_price
catalogrule_product_price_replica
catalogrule_product_replica
catalogrule_website
Magento 2 All Database Tables [500 & more Tables]
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